Alan Farley
想要交易不知道从何开始？每年有几百万人进入市场，但是大多数人到离开时只是花钱买了点经验。这些人失败都有一个共同点：他们没能掌握对其有利的基本技巧。花费充足的时间学习这些技巧就能使你很好的赚取短期利润。
世界市场对投机资本的吸引就像火焰对飞蛾一样，大多数人在不理解价格为什么高低运动时就向里面扔钱。然而他们却还追逐最新消息，盲目从众进行下注，使投资没有任何意义。一条更好的途径是学习如何使用技巧和权威投资，从下面五个基本概念开始。
1.了解自己
从一个自我检查开始，仔细观察你与金钱之间的关系。你认为生活是一个泥潭挣每一块钱都需要不懈的努力吗？你相信个人魅力会像在其他生命追中那样吸引市场财富吗？更糟糕的是，你会在其他地方亏损希望金融市场对你会温柔些吗？
不管你的信念是什么样的，市场都会从不断的亏损和获利中增加内部视图。努力和魅力都能增加你在市场的成功，但是在生活其他环节的失败者在交易游戏中也很可能失败。如果你是这样的人也不要惊慌。相反，采取自助路线了解金钱和自我价值之间的关系。一旦方向正确了就进行下一步。
2.学习
大量阅读市场书籍和网站教程，但是不要把目光集中在交易游戏的一个单一观点上。相反，要向每一个优秀的市场观点和看法学习。交易就像一个旅程，终点很可能偏离你开始的预计。你丰富和详细的市场知识随时可用，即使你现在知道你未来的前景。
每天用你的空闲时间观察市场。早上起床了解隔夜外汇市场价格运动。
3.学会分析
学习基本的技术分析并观察价格图表，越多越好。你可能认为基本面分析会提供一个更好的获利途径，但是交易员的生死是由潜在基本面的价格运动决定的。不要忽视公司的数据表，因为他们能提供优势交易。但是他们却不能帮助你平稳度过成为交易员的第一年。
4.学会预测
你对图表和技术分析的经验现在给你提供了预测价格的完美节奏。理论上说，价格只能向上或者向下运动，从而对多头或者空头操作有利。事实上，价格可以进行许多其他的方式运动，包括向一侧猛烈运动或者同时向两方剧烈波动，使空方和多方都心惊胆战。
在这时时间周期就尤为重要了。金融市场趋势和交易区间具有分型特性，分别在短期、中期和长期中产生不同的价格走势。这意味着在价格在同一时间是一个长期上升趋势、中期下降趋势短期处于一个交易区间。不需要复杂的分析，大多数交易机会都是在这些时间间隔中产生。做空就是一个典型的例子，交易员在一个强大的上升趋势中较低的阶段卖出。检测这三个时间框架最好使用三个时间框架观察价格，1小时图、日图和周图。
5.逐渐进步
现在是时候固定你的脚步不放弃你交易的股票的时候了。有纸交易提供一个完美的解决方案，允许新手跟从实时市场价格运动，买卖决策的理论性能能清晰记录。使用不同的时间段和策略做很多交易，然后分析明显的缺陷。
大多数经纪商让客户参与模拟交易。这有教学的好处将避免你在交易时按错按钮。那么何时才能真实交易呢？没有完美的答案，因为真实交易时很可能出现模拟交易中的缺陷，即使模拟交易结果很完美。
交易员需要同时存在贪婪和恐惧。模拟交易没有这些情绪，这只能在真实的获利或者亏损中经历。事实上，这种心里压力是大多数新手交易员退出市场的原因。你作为新手交易员要理解这些挑战并通过资金和自我价值解决这些问题。
管理和发展
一旦进行真实交易，你需要确定仓位和管理风险。每一个仓位都带有一个持有时间和倾向盈利或者亏损的技术参数，要求你在达到时及时退出。现在考虑一下你持有3到5个仓位，一些对你有利其他则和你预计相反的精神和理论要求。幸运的是，只要你不被太多信息压倒就有很多时间学习交易管理。
如果你准备没有这么充分，那么现在开始每天记录你的交易包括获得风险的原因、持有时间和最终盈利和亏损数据。这些事件和观察日记将会为你提供一个结束新手状态的交易优势。
总结
在对金融市场有一个深入的学习之后再开始交易，之后观察图表和价格运动，基于你的观察建立策略。通过资金风险解决交易管理和市场心理问题完成你交易的第一步。
Learn How To Trade The Market In 5 Steps
By Alan Farley
Want to trade but don’t know where to start? Millions of neophytes try their hand at the market casino each year, but most walk away a little poorer and a lot wiser, never reaching their full potential. The majority of those who fail have one thing in common: they fail to master the basic skills needed to tilt the odds in their favor. Take adequate time to learn these and you will be well on your way to booking short-term profits.
World markets attract speculative capital like moths to a flame, with most throwing money at securities without understanding why prices move higher or lower. Instead, they chase hot tips, make binary bets and sit at the feet of gurus, letting them make buy and sell decisions that make no sense. A better path is to learn how to trade the markets with skill and authority, starting with these five basic concepts.
1. Know Thyself
Start with a self-examination that takes a close look at your relationship with money. Do you view life as a struggle, with hard effort required to earn each dollar? Do you believe that personal magnetism will attract market wealth to you in the same way it does in other life pursuits? More ominously, have you lost money on a regular basis through other activities and hope the financial markets will treat you more kindly?
Whatever your belief system, the market is likely to reinforce that internal view over and over again through profits and losses. Hard work and charisma both support financial success, but losers in other walks of life are likely to turn into losers in the trading game. Don’t panic if this sounds like you. Instead, take the self-help route and learn about the relationship between money and self-worth. Continue to the next step once you get your head on straight.
2. Get An Education
Read market books and website tutorials, lots of them, but don’t focus too narrowly on one single aspect of the trading game. Instead, study everything market-wise, including ideas and concepts you don’t feel are particularly relevant at this time. Trading launches a journey that often winds up at a destination not anticipated at the starting line. Your broad and detailed market background will come in handy over and over again, even if you think you know exactly where you’re going right now.
Start to follow the market every day in your spare time. Get up early and read about overnight price action on foreign markets. U.S. traders didn’t have to monitor world markets a couple of decades ago, but that’s all changed due to the rapid growth of electronic trading and derivative instruments that link equity, forex and bond markets around the world.
3. Learn To Analyze
Study the basics of technical analysis and look at price charts, thousands of them, in all time frames. You may think fundamental analysis offers a better path to profits because it tracks growth curves and revenue streams, but traders live and die by price action that diverges sharply from underlying fundamentals. Do not stop reading company spreadsheets, because they offer a trading edge over those who ignore them. However, they won’t help you survive your first year as a trader.
4. Learn To Predict
Your experience with charts and technical analysis now brings you into the magical realm of price prediction. Theoretically, securities can only go higher or lower, encouraging a long-side trade or a short sale. In reality, prices can do many other things, including chopping sideways for weeks at a time or whipsawing violently in both directions, shaking out buyers and sellers.
The time horizon becomes extremely important at this juncture. Financial markets grind out trends and trading ranges with fractal properties that generate independent price movements at short-term, intermediate- and long-term intervals. This means a security or index can carve out a long-term uptrend, intermediate downtrend and a short-term trading range, all at the same time.
Rather than complicate prediction, most trading opportunities will unfold through interactions between these time intervals. Buying the dip offers a classic example, with traders jumping into a strong uptrend when it sells off in a lower period. The best way to examine this three-dimensional playing field is to look at each security in three time frames, starting with 60-minute, daily and weekly charts.
5. Take Baby Steps
It’s now time to get your feet wet without giving up your trading stake. Paper trading offers a perfect solution, allowing the neophyte to follow real-time market actions, making buying and selling decisions that form the outline of a theoretical performance record. Make lots of trades, using different holding periods and strategies, and then analyze the results for obvious flaws.
Most brokers let clients engage in paper trading with their real money entry systems. This has the added benefit of teaching the software so you don’t hit the wrong buttons when you are playing with family funds. So when do you make the switch and start trading with real money? There’s no perfect answer because simulated trading carries a flaw that’s likely to show up whenever you start to trade for real, even if your paper results look perfect.
Traders need to co-exist peacefully with the twin emotions of greed and fear. Paper trading doesn’t engage these emotions, which can only be experienced by actual profit and loss. In fact, this psychological aspect forces more first-year players out of the game than bad decision-making. Your baby steps forward as a new trader need to recognize this challenge and address remaining issues with money and self-worth.
Manage and Prosper
Once up and running with real money, you need to address position and risk management. Each position carries a holding period and technical parameters that favor profit and loss targets, requiring your timely exit when reached. Now consider the mental and logistical demands when you’re holding three to five positions at a time, with some moving in your favor while others charge in the opposite direction. Fortunately, there’s plenty of time to learn all aspects of trade management, as long as you don’t overwhelm yourself with too much information.
If you haven’t done so already, now is the time to start a daily journal that documents all of your trades, including the reasons for taking risk, as well as the holding periods and final profit or loss numbers. This diary of events and observations sets the foundation for a trading edge that will end your novice status and let you to take money out of the market on a consistent basis.
The Bottom Line
Start your trading journey with a deep education on the financial markets, and then read charts and watch price actions, building strategies based on your observations. Test these strategies with paper trading, while analyzing results and making continuous adjustments. Complete the first leg of your journey with monetary risk that forces you to address trade management and market psychology issues.
本文翻译由兄弟财经提供
文章来源：http://www.investopedia.com/articles/active-trading/090815/learn-how-trade-market-5-steps.asp