MACD 指标

MACD（平滑异同移动平均线）是Moving Average Convergence Divergence的缩写。它是由两条移动均线系统提炼而成，可以用来测量两条均线之间的距离。 MACD由Gerald Appel开发，在其名为《The Moving Average Convergence Divergence Trading Method》一书中有详细描述。

MACD 交易信号
MACD主要是用于趋势交易，不可以用于盘整期。当MACD穿过信号线（9日MACD的指数移动平均数）时，交易信号即产生。

趋势市场
首先，判定价格走势是否处于趋势中：如果MACD指标平直或接近于0轴，那么说明市场处于调整期，其产生的交易信号不可靠。
• MACD自下而上穿过信号线时，做多。
• MACD自上而下穿过信号线时，做空。
如果出现下面两种情况，则说明交易信号更加可靠：
• MACD出现背离；
• MACD在0轴附近出现大规模振荡。
当交易信号产生于0轴上方时，除非出现背离，否则不建议做多；同样，当交易信号出现在0轴之下的时候，如果没有背离，则不建议做空。在最近的最低点处或最高点处设置止损。

MACD设置
MACD的默认参数是：
• 慢速移动平均线 - 26 日
• 快速移动平均线 - 12 日
• 信号线 ——快慢移动平均线差值的9日移动平均线。
• 所有的移动平均线都是指数移动平均线。

MACD 计算公式
MACD 指标是通过计算快、慢移动平均线之间的差值得出：
MACD = 12 日EMA— 26 日EMA
信号线的计算方式是MACD的9日EMA。

示例

强生公司股价以及12日  ，26日   EMA。   MACD反映了快、慢EMA的差异。    MACD的9日EMA。

 
观察下列地方：
• 当快、慢EMA间距离最大时，MACD距离0轴最远；
• 当快、慢EMA相交时，MACD则与0轴相交。
• 当市场处于盘整期时，MACD在1.0 和-1.0 之间波动。

MACD Indicator
The MACD indicator is basically a refinement of the two moving averages system and measures the distance between the two moving average lines. MACD is an acronym for Moving Average Convergence Divergence.
MACD was developed by Gerald Appel and is discussed in his book,The Moving Average Convergence Divergence Trading Method.
MACD Trading Signals
The MACD indicator is primarily used to trade trends and should not be used in a ranging market. Signals are taken when MACD crosses its signal line, calculated as a 9 dayexponential moving average of MACD.
Trending Market
First check whether price is trending. If the MACD indicator is flat or stays close to the zero line, the market is ranging and signals are unreliable.
• Go long when MACD crosses its signal line from below.
• Go short when MACD crosses its signal line from above.
Signals are far stronger if there is either:
• a divergence on the MACD indicator; or
• a large swing above or below the zero line.
Unless there is a divergence, do not go long if the signal is above the zero line, nor go short if the signal is below zero. Place stop-losses below the last minor Low when long, or the last minor High when short.
EXAMPLE
Microsoft Corporation chart with:   MACD, and   MACD signal line.
Go short [S] - MACD crosses to below the signal line after a large swing.
1. Go long [L] when MACD crosses to above the signal line.
2. Strong short signal [S] - the MACD crosses after a large swing and bearish divergence (shown by the  trendline).
3. Go long [L]. Flat MACD signals that the market is ranging - we are more likely to be whipsawed in/out of our position.
4. Exit long trade [X] but do not go short - MACD is significantly below the zero line.
5. Re-enter your long trade [L].
MACD Setup
The default settings for the MACD indicator are:
• Slow moving average - 26 days
• Fast moving average - 12 days
• Signal line - 9 day moving average of the difference between fast and slow.
• All moving averages are exponential.
See Indicator Panel for directions on how to set up an indicator. See Edit Indicator Settings to change the settings.
Captions and trendlines: Use MACD Histogram if you want to draw trendlines or place captions on the histogram. Otherwise, they are left "hanging in the air" if you zoom or change time periods.
MACD Formula
The MACD indicator is calculated as the difference between the fast and slow moving averages:
MACD = 12 Day exponential moving average - 26 Day exponential moving average
The signal line is calculated as a 9 day exponential moving average of MACD.
EXAMPLE
Johnson & Johnson with a 12 day  , and a 26 day  exponential moving average (EMA) plotted on the price chart.   MACD reflects the difference between the fast and slow EMA. The signal line   is a 9 day EMA of the MACD indicator.

Observe that:
• MACD is furthest from the zero line when the gap between the two EMAs is widest.
• MACD is at zero when the two EMAs cross (the trading signal when using two moving averages).
• MACD fluctuates between 1.0 and -1.0 when the market is ranging.

文章翻译由兄弟财经提供

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