三角形和楔子形态是长期模式，通常出现在周线图中。它们的走势和形状是判断趋势持续或反转的一个强有力信号。前期形态越强，显示的交易信号也越可靠。
三角形的三种基本形态：
对称三角形：对称三角形低点逐渐升高，高点逐渐降低。由于形状的特殊性，它既可以是持续形态也可以是反转形态。向上突破是看涨信号，向下突破是看跌信号。
上升三角形：上升三角形的顶端连线平直，低点逐渐升高。不论在上涨还是下跌趋势中，上升三角形都是看涨信号。在上升趋势中，上升三角形是持续信号，在下跌趋势中，上升三角形则是强大的反转信号。
下降三角形：下降三角形的低点连线平直，高点逐步降低。通常情况下出现在下跌趋势中，是一个熊市信号。在上升趋势中，下降三角形则是很强的一个反转信号。
例子1：下图展示的是两个三角形态和一个下降的楔子形态。
[1]显示的是对称三角形：高点逐步降低，低点逐渐升高。
[2]是上升三角形：高点相同，低点逐渐升高。请注意下面对应的交易量变化：上升三角形开始时交易量增加，形成过程中交易量减少，突破之后交易量增加。
[3]是下降的楔形：高点和低点同时降低。
确定交易目标：突破后的交易目标距离是由三角形态开始时的最大垂直距离和结束时最短垂直距离决定的。
例子2、上升趋势中对称的三角形态：
1. 突破后的目标距离为[1]处开始时最大距离减去[2]处最短距离：
突破目标距离 = 13.07 - 10.50 = 2.57
2. [2]处的突破目标是突破点与目标距离之和。
突破的目标点位 = 12.42 + 2.57 = 14.99
例子3、上升趋势后的下降三角形
1. 三角形的低点连线位于8.06
2. 目标移动距离是下降三角形最高点[1]与低点位的差值：
目标移动距离 = 9.00 - 8.06 = 0.94
3. 在[3]处突破后的做空目标为：
Target = 8.06 - 0.94 = 7.12
两种楔子形态：高点和低点同时向中间汇聚
下降楔子形态：高点和低点同时降低，是上升趋势的持续信号和下降趋势中的反转信号。
上升楔子形态：高点和低点同时升高，是下降趋势的持续信号和上升趋势中的反转信号。
交易目标测定：反转楔子形态的突破距离是最高点减去最低点的差值。交易目标是突破价位减去突破距离。
例子4、下图是一系列的三角形和楔子形态，其中[3]可以很好的展示楔子形态反转后的目标距离。
[1]趋势通道或上升楔子形态。
[2]上升的三角形态——牛市信号。
[3]最高点为52，因此目标距离为52.00 - 41.06 = 10.94。
[4] 楔子形态在48.40处突破。做空的目标价位是：48.40 - 10.94 = 37.46
交易量确认：
交易量通常集聚在三角形或楔子形态开始处，在形成过程中减少，突破后增加。上升三角形和下降楔子形态上半部分的交易量应该比下半部分交易量大，而下降三角形和上升楔子形态则相反。
交易信号：
在三角形或楔子形态突破后进场，并在相反位置止损。
在例子4中，止损设置在最高处[4]附近、趋势线上方一个点位处。
Triangles and Wedges
Triangles and wedges are longer-term patterns, often witnessed on weekly charts. They can be powerful continuation or reversal patterns, depending on their shape and whether they are situated in an up- or down-trend.
A strong preceding trend makes a stronger signal.
Triangles
There are 3 basic shapes:
Symmetrical Triangle
Symmetrical triangles form with lower highs and higher lows. Because of their shape, they can act as either acontinuation or a reversal pattern. This will be signaled by the breakout. An upward breakout is a bullish signal, while a downward breakout is bearish.
Ascending Triangle
An ascending triangle is formed by equal highs and higher lows. It is a bullish signal, whether encountered in an up- or down-trend. It is most often observed as a continuation pattern in an up-trend but is a strong reversal signal when witnessed in a down-trend.
Descending Triangle
Descending triangles form with equal lows and lower highs. A bearish signal, the pattern is normally observed as a continuation pattern in a down-trend but can be a powerful reversal signal when encountered in an up-trend.
EXAMPLE
Cochlear Limited (Australia) depicts 2 triangles and a falling wedge.
1. Symmetrical triangle with lower highs and higher lows.
2. Ascending triangle with equal highs and higher lows. Note that volume expands at the start of the triangle, decreases as the triangle forms and expands at the breakout.
3. Falling wedge with lower highs and lower lows.
Target Measurement
The targeted move for a triangle is measured vertically at the start of the triangle: from the first trough or peak to the opposite border of the triangle. The move is then projected vertically from the point of breakout to the actual target.
EXAMPLE
Foodland Associated Limited (Australia) shows a symmetrical triangle in an up-trend.
1. The targeted move is measured from the trough at [1] vertically to the opposite border:
Move = 13.07 - 10.50 = 2.57
2. The move is then projected from the point of breakout at [2].
3. The target is calculated as the value at the breakout point [2] plus the move:
Target = 12.42 + 2.57 = 14.99
EXAMPLE
Coles Myer Limited (Australia) exhibits a good example of a descending triangle after a strong up-trend.
1. The targeted move is measured from the first peak [1] to the base of the triangle:
Move = 9.00 - 8.06 = 0.94
2. The triangle base is at 8.06, the low from [2].
3. The move is then projected from the point of breakout at [3].
4. The target is calculated as the value at the breakout point minus the move:
Target = 8.06 - 0.94 = 7.12
Wedges
There are 2 basic shapes, both with converging highs and lows:
Falling Wedge
A falling wedge forms with lower highs and lower lows. A bullish signal, a falling wedge is a continuation signal in an up-trend and a reversal signal when observed in a down-trend.
Rising Wedge
A rising wedge is formed by higher highs and higher lows. A bearish signal, the pattern is normally a continuation signal in a down-trend but acts as a reversal signal when encountered in an up-trend.
Target Measurement
The target for a continuation pattern is measured in a similar fashion to a flag or pennant.
The target for a reversal pattern is calculated from the highest peak to the lowest trough in the wedge pattern. The objective is calculated by projecting the target up/down from the breakout point.
EXAMPLE
CSL Limited exhibits a number of wedge and triangle patterns. The largest rising wedge [3] is used to illustrate target measurement for a reversal pattern.
1. Trend channel or rising wedge.
2. Ascending triangle - bullish signal
3. Rising wedge - bear signal. The targeted move for the reversal is measured from the lowest trough (41.06) to the highest peak.
4. The highest peak is at 52.00. The targeted move is therefore 52.00 - 41.06 = 10.94
5. The move is projected down from the breakout point at 48.40.
6. The target is calculated by subtracting the move from the value at the point of breakout:
Target = 48.40 - 10.94 = 37.46
Volume Confirmation
Volume normally expands at the start of the triangle or wedge, contracts as the pattern develops and then expands on the breakout.
Ascending triangles (and falling wedges) should exhibit higher volume on the up-swings. Descending triangles (and rising wedges) exhibit higher volume on the down-swings.
Trading Signals
Enter a trade at the breakout and place a stop-loss just outside the opposite side of the wedge or triangle pattern.
In the above CSL example, the stop is placed one tick above the upper trendline, at the highest peak on day [4].
文章翻译由兄弟财经提供
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